Both are nonmagnetic, austenitic, and nonhardenable through heat treatment. Good corrosion resistance to low content of hydrochloric and organic acids. The difference between 304 and 316 stainless steel metal. The lower carbon content minimizes chromium carbide precipitation due to welding and its susceptibility to intergranular corrosion. However, while both are typically used in industry, the ss aisi 316 is used in even harsher environments were there is a need for. Ss316 is better than ss304 in terms of corrosion resistance, heat resistance and certain properties, but the price is higher than aisi 304, for more details, please check stainless steel grade 304 vs 316, and 316 vs 316l. Grade 316 is the standard molybdenumbearing grade, second inoverall volume production to 304 amongst the austenitic stainless steels. Each of these stainless steel grades will resists corrosion, are quite durable, and are easily formed and fabricated. Composition type 316 wt % type 316l wt % carbon c 0. Applicationsalloy 316 316l uns s31600 s31603 is a chromiumnickelmolybdenum austenitic stainless steel developed to provide improved corrosion resistance to alloy 304304l in moderately corrosive environments.
Together, chlorine and chloride cause stainless steel failures that wouldnt occur by exposure to chlorine or chloride alone. Well known stainless steel grade, very close to the 201 grade but with lower mechanical properties. Mar 22, 2018 similar to 304, grade 316 stainless steel has high amounts of chromium and nickel. Austenitic stainless steel an overview sciencedirect. Stainless steel 316316l uns s31600 chemical composition.
Special properties very good stability against chloric media and nonoxidizing acids. Well known stainless steel as well, with very high corrosion resistance, it is usually reserved to very aggressive. Grade 316 stainless steel comes with a minimum tensile stress of 515 mpa, a minimum yield stress of 205 mpa, and a minimum elongation of 40% in 50mm. A major difference between 304 and 316 stainless steel is the chemical composition, with 316 containing a significant amount of molybdenum. The moduli of the martensitic stainless steels 29 x 106 psi 200 gpa are slightly less than the modulus of carbon steel 30 x 106 psi 207 gpa but are markedly higher than the moduli of other engineering materials, such as aluminum 10 x 106 psi 67 gpa. Properties, production, examples and applications cold rolled steels difference between aisi 316, aisi 316l and aisi 316ln stainless steel electrical steel. Astm a479 stainless steel astm a53 carbon steel pipes astm a564 stainless steel age hardened alloy steel. Meanwhile table 2 represents the mechanical properties for hourglass specimen of austenitic steel. Tables of technical properties of stainless steels flat products. Ati 316ti stainless is a titaniumstabilized version of type 316 molybdenumbearing austenitic stainless steel.
The molybdenum gives 316 better overall corrosion resistant properties than grade 304, particularly higher resistance to pitting and crevice corrosion in. Outwardly, 304 stainless steel and 316 stainless steel look very similar. In addition, alloy 316 316l provides excellent elevated. In this study, austenitic type 316l stainless steel was used and studied and it chemical compositions are given in table 1. General properties types 316 uns s31600, 316l s31603, 317 s31700 and 317l s31703 are molybdenumbearing austenitic stainless steels which are more resistant to general corrosion and pitting crevice corrosion than the conventional chromiumnickel austenitic stainless steels such as type 304. Ati 316 uns s31600, ati 316l s31603, ati 317 s31700 and ati 317l s31703 alloys are molybdenumbearing austenitic stainless steels which are more resistant to general corrosion and pittingcrevice corrosion than the conventional. Applicationsalloy 316 316l uns s31600 s31603 is a chromiumnickel molybdenum austenitic stainless steel developed to provide improved corrosion resistance to alloy 304304l in moderately corrosive environments.
The higher nickel and molybdenum content in this grade allows it to demonstrate better overall corrosion resistant properties than 304, especially with regard to pitting and crevice corrosion in chloride environments. Three general classifications are used to identify stainless steels. Austenitic stainless steel, which is usually referred to as the 300 series, is ideally suited to laser welding, table 4. S31603, 317 s31700 and 317l s31703 are molybdenumbearing austenitic stainless steels. Alloy 316316l is molybdenumbearing austenitic stainless steel. Tables of technical properties of stainless steels flat products the selection of the appropriate stainless steel grade for each applic ation is the result of variou s considerations.
The 316 family is a group of austenitic stainless steels with superior corrosion resistance to 304 stainless steels. Reference is often made to stainless steel in the singular sense as if it were one material. Austenitic 300 series stainless steel filler metals. If the order received does not meet these requirements, it may result in a supplier corrective action request, which could jeopardize your status as an approved vendor. The molybdenum gives 316 better overall corrosion resistant properties than grade 304, particularly higher resistance to pitting and crevice corrosion in chloride environments. Stainless steel specifications, grades and properties. It is often utilized in process streams containing chlorides or halides.
Properties, types, production, and applications hot rolled steels introduction. Properties, processing and applications carbon steel. Molybdenum is a chemical element used for the strengthening and hardening of steel. Grade 316 is an austenitic grade second only to 304 in commercial importance. There are 45 suppliers who sells 316 stainless steel material. Ss316 is better than ss304 in terms of corrosion resistance, heat resistance and certain properties, but the price is higher than aisi 304, for more details, please check stainless steel grade 304 vs. Pdf the mechanical properties and corrosion resistance of 316 l stainless steel fabricated using the laser engineered net shaping lens technique. While the old aisi three digit stainless steel numbering system e.
Austenitic uns s31600, s31603, s31700 s31703 introduction. It offers good resistance to pitting and crevice corrosion in the various chemical conditions. Corrosion resistant than the conventional 304304l stainless steel. Mechanical properties minimum mechanical properties for annealed types 316, 316l, 317 and 317l austenitic stainless steel plate, sheet and strip as required by astm specifications a240 and asme specification sa240, are shown below. Types 316 uns s31600, 316l s31603, 317 s31700 and 317l s31703 are molybdenumbearing austenitic stainless steels which are more resistant to general corrosion and pitting crevice corrosion than the conventional chromium nickel austenitic stainless steels such as type 304. It is a complete revision of the design manual for structural stainless steel, which was prepared by the steel construction institute between 1989 and 1992 and published by euro inox in 1994. Similar to 304, grade 316 stainless steel has high amounts of chromium and nickel. Alloy 316 316l is molybdenumbearing austenitic stainless steel. There is a variety of different types of 316 stainless steel. Minimum room temperature mechanical properties, astm a240 and a666 specifications. The l means that the carbon content of the alloy is below 0. At room temperature, grade 316 stainless steel also exhibits the following set of properties. Considered the generic workhorse, the ss 304 can serve in most situations with great success. They also have excellent toughness and can be used in the food, marine, chemical and architectural fields.
Other applications include fasteners and screens for the mining industry. Construction encasement, doors, windows and armatures, offshore technology, cisterns and tubes for chemical tankers. Pdf the microstructure, mechanical properties and corrosion. Its main function in stainless 316 is to help fight off corrosion from chlorides. Austenitic stainless steel has a thermal conductivity of one third of carbon steel and is a superior absorber of laser light. Ati 316 uns s31600, ati 316l s31603, ati 317 s31700 and ati 317l s31703 alloys are molybdenumbearing austenitic stainless steels which are more resistant to general corrosion and pittingcrevice corrosion than the conventional chromiumnickel austenitic stainless steels such. The difference in their structure is primarily the addition of molybdenum to. Criteria for selection once the design parameters have been established, the engineer may then evaluate the materials that appear to be. Stainless 316, 316l, 317, 317l united performance metals.
Typical uses include exhaust manifolds, furnace parts, heat exchangers, jet engine parts, pharmaceutical and photographic equipment, valve and pump trim, chemical equipment. Stainless steel 316 has superior corrosion resistance properties as well as elevated temperature prolong performance potential. F amilies of stainless steel 9 10 medium and high crbased jfemh1 15cr1. The particular application for which stainless steel will be used determines the type and grade of stainless steel. Each is slightly different, and each is used for different purposes. Grade 317 stainless steel is a modified version of 316 stainless steel. E308 used for stainless steel types 301, 302, 304l, 321, cf3 and cf8 e309 used for stainless steel types 304, 304l, 309, 309l. Stainless steels for springs and other demanding applications. Mechanical properties duplex stainless steels have roughly twice the yield strength of their counterpart austenitic grades.
This slight difference from grade 316 makes a huge difference in some of the applications and. The property of most interest is modulus of elasticity. The l designation means 316l steel has less carbon than 316. The molybdenum gives 316 better overall corrosion resistant properties than grade 304. Pdf 316316l stainless steel raman karuppiah academia. In addition to excellent corrosion resistance and strength properties, the types 316, 316l, 317, and. Austenitic stainless steel 310310s offers excellent resistance to oxidation up to 2000of. In order to assis t the reader in this selection, euro inox makes the following tables of technical properties available. Minimum mechanical properties for annealed types 316, 316l, 317 and 317l austenitic stainless steel plate, sheet and strip as required by astm specifications a240 and asme specification sa240, are shown below. Astm a479 grade 316l annealed austenitic stainless steel. The following datasheet gives more details about grade 317 stainless steel. Austenitic steel in form of tubular specimens were provided by local supplier, s. Stainless strip and wire to meet the needs of a variety of applications, we offer a wide range of steel grades with different properties. This is particularly apparent for pitting and crevice corrosion in chloride.
The chemical composition of grade 317 stainless steel is outlined in the following table. Types 316 s31600, 316l s31603, 317 s31700, 317l s31703. Type 316 stainless steel is widely used in applications requiring corrosion resistance. The most basic difference between the grades of steel is the presence of molybdenum in stainless 316. The sae ansi aisi 316 is the second most commonly availablewidely used type of stainless steel after the saeansiaisi 304.
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